module+4

** BASED ON CHAPTERS 7 & 8 revised 7/23/10 **
 * PAF 101—MODULE 4 GRADE SHEET **

Name here: Societal Category: Group #:

__MAXIMUM__ __YOUR__ __EXERCISE__ __POINTS__ __SCORE__ __COMMENTS__

7.1 9 __ 7.2 6 __ 7.3 3 __ 7.4 16 __ 7.5 4 __ 8.1 12 __ 8.2 20 __ 8.3 6 __ 8.4 8 __ 8.5 16 __ 8.6 14 __ 8.7 6 __

__Subtotal for Paper__ 120

Points Deducted: __ Late Paper ___ __ Writing ___ __ Organization ___ __ Participation ___ __ Community Service ___

Total Points Deducted

Extra Credit Points: Competition _ Speakers _

__Total Extra Credit Points__ __

= TOTAL GRADE  = **MODULE FOUR** 120 __#__

** PAF 101 EXERCISES - MODULE FOUR ** ** BASED ON CHAPTERS 7 & 8 **

Whenever you use a source in your answer, including all quotes, you must provide an APA-style internal citation and a full APA-style reference in the References page exercise, except for personal communications. HINT: Most of these exercises require citations. **Only attach an article if required by exercise directions. Whenever you attach an article, it must be directly behind the exercise in which it appears, and it must be clearly labeled with the exercise number and letter to which it pertains. Attach only the first page of the article unless otherwise stated.**

Exercise 7.1: Identifying Benefits __ Your Total Score: _____ (Maximum: 9 points)__

A. State your societal problem. Briefly describe your preferred policy at the local, state, or federal level and identify the primary unit of government responsible for implementing your policy. Your preferred policy is the one you believe will be most successful in dealing with the societal problem. Note: The problem and level you choose do not have to be the same as you used in Module 3, and you may choose a policy that is different than those you specified in Module 3. (3 points) __ Part A score: _____

** Materialism **
 * ** State your societal problem here (make sure to specify the geographic location you are focusing on): **

** Tax on Luxury Goods **
 * ** Describe your preferred policy to deal with this societal problem here: **


 * ** Identify the level and primary unit of government responsible for implementing this policy here: **

** Federal Government, IRS (Department of Treasury). **


 * ** Identify your source of information and explain how it helped you formulate your policy here: **

** Frank, Robert H. (2007). //Falling Behind//. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. **

B. List the three most significant benefits of your policy and assign a rating of significance of 1, 2, or 3 to each item. Each rating can be used more than once. List each item in order from most significant (3) to least significant (1). Justify each rating you have assigned in no more than two sentences. (6 points) Part B Score:_

** Rating (1-3): 3 ** ** Justification of rating: Wealth Inequality has many significant social, economic, and political consequences. **
 * ** List the most significant benefit here: Decreasing Wealth Inequality **

** Rating (1-3): 3 ** ** Justification of rating: Economic efficiency makes up for waste. **
 * ** List the second most significant benefit here: Decrease Conspicuous Consumption **

** Rating (1-3): MOney for the poor ** ** Justification of rating: buying used clothes means your donating money for peopele who cant afford clothes or food. all the money you spend is donated to a good cause. **
 * ** List the third most significant benefit here: Redistribution of Income. **

Exercise 7.2: Identifying Costs Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)

List the three most significant costs of your policy and assign a rating of significance of 1, 2, or 3 to each item. Each rating can be used more than once. List each item in order from most significant (3) to least significant (1). Justify each rating you have assigned in no more than two sentences. All financial considerations must be grouped as a single cost. Do not discuss problems with the policy itself, but instead the costs that will arise if it is implemented.

** Rating (1-3): 3 ** ** Justification of rating: ** If individuals cannot benefit from their efforts, they are likely to make less of an effort.
 * ** List the most significant cost here: Disincentive for economic success **

** Rating (1-3): 1 ** ** Justification of rating: Poor people over population **
 * ** List the second most significant cost here: **

** Rating (1-3): 3 ** ** Justification of rating: protecting the enviroment. **
 * ** List the third most significant cost here: **

Exercise 7.3: Comparing Benefits and Costs Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 3 points)

Calculate the benefit‑cost ratio as described in the //Maxwell Manual// and show your calculations below. Then, in one sentence, interpret the ratio. No citation or reference is needed for this exercise.

3 + 3 + 3 / 3 + 1 + 3 = 9/7 = 1.28
 * **Place the original formula and your calculation of the benefit-cost ratio here:** Benefit 1 + Benefit 2 + Benefit 3 / Cost 1 + Cost 2 + Cost 3 = Benefit-Cost Ratio.
 * ** Write a one sentence interpretation here: Most of the money will go to the people who need it and we need to protect our enviroment and water supplys. **

if the ratio is greater than one it is a good policy because benefits outway the cost.

Exercise 7.4: Analyzing Your Career Preferences Your Total Score: ___ (Maximum: 16 points)


 * 1) Complete the survey below by placing an “x” next to your preference for a career and then answer the question at the end of the survey. (3 points) Part A Score (3 points)


 * 1) **Salary:** Salary Top 10%__minadio Between 10% and 50% Under 50% of income among US workers__ _
 * 2) __ **Hours:** Part- Time ___ Less than 40 _much less __No more than 40___ 40- 60___ Over 60___
 * 3) **Field Type:** Solely doing good_ Mostly doing good ___ Doing good and making money_make lots of money__ Mostly making money ___ Solely making money__ _
 * 4) **Proximity:** Very close to where you live __work at the home_ Within 3 hours of where you live__ Across the country ___ Out of the country__ _
 * 5) __ **Travel for Job:** No travel no travel I will not be a traveller ___ Travel 1-12 times a year ___ Travel once a month__ _ Travel once a week ___ Travel more than once a week__ _
 * 6) **Economic Risk:** Very risky _ Somewhat risky ___ Neither risky nor secure__ _ Somewhat secure ___ Very secure _yes__
 * 7) __ **Working Environment:** Very orderly _order is important __Orderly _orderly __Neither orderly nor chaotic__ _ Chaotic___ Very chaotic__ _
 * 8) __ **Region:** Northeast _Northeast __ Mid- Atlantic ___ South__ _ Southwest ___ Mid- west__ _ West _
 * 9) **Education:** Some high school _ High school diploma ___ Some college__ _ College diploma ___ Graduate education _serious education__
 * 10) **Neighborhood:** Urban ___ Suburban__ _ Rural __always rural_


 * ** In no more than four sentences indicate the two most important categories in this survey and why they are important to you here: **


 * 1) Rate the following values on a scale of 1 to 3 in terms of importance for what characteristics your career should have and answer the question that follows the survey. Part C Score (3 points)

** 1 – Of Very Little Importance 2 – Somewhat Important 3 – Very Important **


 * 1) __ _3 ___ **Helping Society:** Doing something that contributes to improving our world.
 * 2) 2 __**Helping Others:** Being involved in helping other people in a direct way.__
 * 3) 1 __**Competition:** Engaging in activities that rival my abilities against others.__
 * 4) 3 __**Creativity:** Creating new ideas, programs, or organizational structures.__
 * 5) 3 __**Artistic Creativity:** Engaging in creative activities such as painting, writing, or acting.__
 * 6) 3 __**Knowledge:** Engaging in learning and understanding new things.__
 * 7) 1 __**Having Power and Authority:** Controlling or influencing the opinions and activities of others.__
 * 8)  _2_ **Public Contact:** Having a lot of day- to-day contact with others.
 * 9)  __1__ **Working Alone:** Doing projects alone without much contact with others.
 * 10) __3__ **Religious:** Participating in activities to better relate to the divine, mystical, or spiritual.
 * 11) __3__ **Recognition:** Being recognized for the things I do in a public way.
 * 12) __3__ **Physical Challenge:** Doing activities that will require strength, speed, or agility.
 * 13) __3__ **Excitement:** Doing stimulating or thrilling work.
 * 14) __1__ **Intellectual Status:** Being thought of as an intellectual or an expert.
 * 15) __2__ **Change and Variety:** Having responsibilities that frequently change.
 * 16) __3__ **Stability:** Having structure and routine in my activities.
 * 17) __3__ **Profit-Gain:** Making lots of money.
 * 18) __3__ **Fun:** Finding pleasure in what you do.
 * 19) _3_ **Working With Others:** Working as a team member toward common goals.
 * 20) 3 __**Adventure:** Participating in risk-taking activities.__
 * 21) 3 __**Independence:** Being my own boss.__
 * 22) _3_ **Technology:** Working well with machines and tools.


 * ** In no more than three sentences indicate which value is most important to you and why here: Intellect is very important, religion is equally important. Being recognized for being a pro is important. Working with tools separates us from the caveman Neanderthal. **

** 1- **** Not interested 2- Minimally Interested 3- Not sure 4- Interested 5- Very interested **
 * 1) Rate the following activities using a scale of 1-5 based on your possible interest in the activity, not necessarily your interest in doing the activities as a career. Add the total score for each section and mark it on the line provided (2 points). Part C Score __

___5__ Research new ways to produce food 5_ Care for animals ___5__ Set up traps to catch crabs, lobster, or shellfish ___5__ Manage a farm ___5__ Maintain planted areas of trees, flowers, or shrubs ** ___25__ Total ** || ** 2. Architecture & Construction ** ___2__ Design, build, or remodel homes ___1__ Survey roads, property lines, and bridges ___1__ Build roads or bridges ___1__ Install electrical wiring in a building ___3__ Install plumbing and bathroom pipes/fixtures ** 8_ Total ** || ** Communications ** __5___ Write stories or plays ___2__ Broadcast programs on TV or radio ___2__ Design a web page __5___ Play in a band, orchestra, or music group __2___ Operate equipment used in radio and TV ** __11___ Total ** || ** 4. Business, Management & ** ** Administration **
 * ** 1. Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources **
 * ** 3. Arts, A/V Technology & **

___5__ Type or write reports __5___ Prepare tax records for people or companies ___5__ Manage a store 5_ Work with computers ___5__ Answer the telephone and greet customers ** __25___ Total ** || ___10__ Teach students to read __10___ Take care of young children __10___ Research test data __1___ Teach a Yoga class __5___ Coach a team ** __36___ Total ** || ** 6. Finance ** ___5__ Keep track of money __5___ Sell insurance to people __5___ Manage a bank department __5___ Prepare financial records for people or companies __5___ Help people invest their money ** __25___ Total ** || ___5__ Plan a skate park ___5__ Direct a social service agency ___5__ Participate in fund raisers ___5__ Make regulations to protect the environment __5___ Develop bills to become laws ** __25___ Total ** || ** 8. Health Science ** __5___ Examine people and give them medical treatment ___5__ Give first aid to patients in an ambulance ___5__ Help an injured person learn to walk again ___5__ Process medical records and correspondence ___5__ Read an X-ray ** ___25__ Total ** || __1___ Escort groups of people on tours _5 Serve meals and beverages to people ___3__ Umpire or referee a sporting event __5___ Plan and conduct activities and trips for tourists ___5__ Manage a hotel ** ___18__ Total ** || ** 10. Human Services ** ___5__ Counsel people in hospitals, clinics, or schools ___5__ Help youth, couples, and families resolve conflict ___5__ Advise people about their nutritional needs __5___ Hold parenting classes __5___ Plan activities for community centers ** ___25__ Total ** || 5_ Follow blueprints to inspect electronic equipment ___5__ Use computer applications to create reports ___5__ Repair computers 5_ Design programs for computers __5__ Write technical directions for engineers ** __25___ Total ** || # ** Law, Public Safety, Corrections & Security ** ___5__ Protect lives and property from hazards __5___ Uncover details of a crime and arrest suspects 5_ Study legal documents to find information ___5__ Guard money or valuables in an armored car ___5__ Defend someone in court and advise them about laws ** ___25__ Total ** || __5___ Use small or large power tools to build or <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">repair items ___5__ Use precision devices to make parts ___5__ Use machines to shape, cut, or mold <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">metal, fabric or wood ___5__ Install electrical equipment ___5__ Build robots ** ___25__ Total ** || # ** Marketing, Sales & Service ** ___5__ Buy clothing and accessories for a <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">department store __5___ Sell advertising space for a magazine __5__ Provide beauty treatments for hair, <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">faces, or nails ___5__ Run your own business over the Internet __4___ Sell houses or land ** __24___ Total ** || ___5__ Conduct experiments in a lab ___5__ Use advanced math to solve complex <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">problems __5___ Study causes of animal diseases __5___ Study space and the solar system __5___ Find alternate power sources ** __25___ Total ** || ** 16. Transportation, Distribution & Logistics ** ___5__ Drive a truck to deliver products ___5__ Pilot a ship or airplane _5 Drive a bus or taxi __5___ Operate a train __5___ Manage a distribution <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">warehouse ** __25___ Total ** ||
 * ** 5. Education & Training**
 * ** 7. Government & Public Administration **
 * ** 9. Hospitality & Tourism **
 * # ** Information Technology **
 * # ** Manufacturing **
 * ** 15. Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) **

1 Access **__[|http://online.onetcenter.org].__** On the home page select “Career Clusters” under “Find Occupations.” From there select the career cluster that received the highest score from above. Choose a job that you would one day like to have. State the career cluster you selected. In no more than 250 words, describe and explain two pros and two cons for the job you selected. Be sure to include the education level required for this job position, salary and projected job openings. No citation needed for this exercise. (8 points) Part D score:


 * ** State the career cluster you chose here: Science Teacher (EDUCATION, STEM) **


 * ** Explain at least two benefits and costs of the job you selected. Be sure to include the education level required for this position here: The reward of having an honest job, Providing education to the children of the future. **

Exercise 7.5: Analyzing Benefit-Cost Discussion in the News Media Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 4 points)

Using ProQuest Newspapers, or any other print or electronic newspaper source, select a recent (within the past six months) editorial, letter to the editor, or op-ed article that discusses an existing or proposed policy on __your__ societal problem. Attach the entire article directly behind this exercise.


 * ** State the policy using a direct quote from the article here: **

** "Americans have been watching protests against oppressive regimes that concentrate massive wealth in the hands of an elite few." **


 * **If the author does not use the terms “benefits” and “costs,” discuss what terms are used in place of them here (if the author does use the exact terms “benefits” and “costs” please specify that below as well):**

Gains and Losses

The writer evaluates the benefits and costs very well, the author also exposes the richers in this article, it's quite compelling,
 * ** Describe how well the writer evaluates the benefits and costs of the policy here: **

Exercise 8.1: Provide Data for Four Years on A Variable Measuring Your Societal Problem Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 12 points)

A. State your societal problem, and restate the same policy (including the same geographical location) as you stated in 7.1. (2 points) Part A score: ___


 * ** Restate your societal problem here, including the geographic location you are focusing on: materialism, in a town. **

** Materialism, in a town **


 * ** Restate the policy here, including the geographic location of the policy: everywhere, urban. **

** Township Rebellion- **

B. Select one variable that measures a societal condition that you expect your policy to impact at the same geographic location stated in 7.1. The variable must use or be based on at least one piece of real data from a published print or electronic source. (10 points) · Provide data for four time intervals. The last must be within the past calendar year. Up to three can be estimated. If you are using academic data, use school years (ex. 2001-2002). · Data should be set up in a chart as shown in Chapter 8 of the //Maxwell Manual// and using the format below, including all appropriate labels · Directly behind this exercise, attach a copy of the data you used for your real data point(s). The copy must come from a published print or electronic source. <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tabstops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Part B score:_

** Period ** || ** Number ** ** of [Variable] ** || ** Source or Rationale for Estimation ** ||
 * ** [Title of Chart (variable) Goes Here] ** ||
 * ** Time **

Exercise 8.2: Calculate Percent Change Using Excel

Your Total Score_ (Maximum: 20 points)

A. Using the formula presented in Chapter 8, calculate the percent change between the first and second year of the data presented in 8.1 of your own module. (3 points) Part A score:_

· ** Write percent change here: ** ** 14.5% change **

· ** Show the original formula and your calculations here: ** ** 250(25)/ 210=14.5% **

B. Using Excel and the instructions provided to you in Chapter 8, calculate the percent change between each of the four years as well as between the first year and the fourth year for the variable you collected. Show all four percent changes in the format shown in Chapter 8. (14 points) Part B score:_


 * ** Insert Excel chart here: **

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: list .25in; tabstops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Describe the pattern or lack of it over the four years. (3 points) Part C score:_


 * ** Describe the pattern here: The co2 is going down thanks to efforts on lowering gas emissions. **

Exercise 8.3: Deciding on the Years to Use for Your Benchmark Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)

State what three years for which you would set your benchmark. Briefly indicate why you have chosen those years. If your societal problem involves education, you must use academic years.

· ** State what three years you set your benchmark for here: 1990 2007 **

· ** Briefly justify why you have chosen these years here: its almost 20 years **

Exercise 8.4: Displaying Your Baseline Forecast Total Score: (Maximum: 8 points)

Place a trend line graph below that displays your historical data and your baseline forecast for the three years selected in 8.3, followed by a brief justification of the forecast. The gap between the end of your historical data (as entered in 8.1) and the beginning of your forecasted years must be shown on the graph. No citation or reference is necessary for this exercise. Refer to Chapter 8 in the //Maxwell Manual//.

· ** Follow the instructions in 8.4 of the chapter to insert a trend line graph, and insert your graph here: ** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; tabstops: list .5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">

· ** Write a clear justification of your forecast by quoting at least two ideas discussed in 8.4 of the chapter here: **

The emissions are going down. There are less gases

Exercise 8.5: Setting Your Benchmarks Total Score:_ (Maximum: 16 points)

After carefully reading the discussion in Chapter 8, indicate your three benchmarks in the spaces provided below that include the years chosen in 8.3, the benchmark, and the justification. You must use at least two of the five guidelines for setting benchmarks discussed in 8.5 of Chapter 8 in at least two different justifications. No citation or reference is necessary for this exercise.

** Complete the chart below: Reducing Inequality to Improve Air Quality **


 * ** Year ** || ** Benchmark ** || ** Justification ** ||
 * 2015 || 25% || super clean air ||
 * ** Year ** || ** Benchmark ** || ** Justification ** ||
 * 2020 || 30% || fresh air ||
 * ** Year ** || ** Benchmark ** || ** Justification ** ||
 * 2030 || 50% || ultra clean ozone ||

Exercise 8.6: Using Benchmarks to Support your Policy Proposal Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 14 points)

A. Identify a player to whom you would present an oral briefing using the benchmark you developed for Exercise 8.5. List the player’s name and title below. (2 points) Part A score:

· ** List the player’s name here: Barack Obama ** · ** List the player’s title here: President, United States **

B. Place a graph that shows the historical pattern, baseline, and benchmark forecasts below: (8 points) Part B score: _

· ** Follow the instructions in 8.4 and 8.6 from Chapter 8 to insert a trend line graph, and insert your graph here: ** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; tabstops: list .5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">

C. In no more than 3 sentences, describe the specific benefit of the policy as expressed in the above graph. (4 points) __ Part C score: ___

· **Place response here: The co2 emissions are going down, and that's what matters we need clean air. This is historical data**

Exercise 8.7: References Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)


 * Prepare a list of references that includes all sources for this module.
 * Follow the APA format.
 * Include all sources used in the exercises.

· ** Start References on the next line or on the next page: ` **